Lecture 26 : Wave Nature of Particle - the de Broglie Hypothesis
Recap
In
this course you have learnt the following
The dual nature not only is exhibited by radiation but is also associated with matter. In some experiments matter
shows wave character.
de Broglie hypothesis poastulates a wavelength of with a particle having a momentum .
Experimental confirmation of wave nature of matter comes from experiments such as Davisson Germer experiments
on electron diffraction from crystals. It is seen that the intensity of scattered beam is maximum at those points where one would expect Laue spots in x-ray diffraction assuming the electronsare waves with de Broglie wavelength.
Bohr model can be understood by postulating that stable orbits in atoms are those which are standing waves of
electrons.
One can perform double slit experiment with electrons, similar to the way Young's double slit experiment is
performed with light waves. The intensity pattern obtained on a screen is very similar in both cases.
According to the principle of complementarity one cannot obtain information on both the wave nature and particle
nature of matter or radiation in the same experiment.
Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that one cannot precisely measure both position and momentum of a
particle in the same experiment.
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with a particle having a momentum 
. 
