Marker |
Selection |
Organism |
Photosynthesis |
||
atpB |
Photo autotrophy |
Chlamydomonas |
tscA |
Photo autotrophy |
Chlamydomonas |
psaA/B |
Photo autotrophy |
Chlamydomonas |
petB |
Photo autotrophy |
Chlamydomonas |
rbcL |
Photo autotrophy |
Tobacco |
Drug resistance |
||
rrnS |
Spectinomycin, Streptomycin |
Chlamydomonas, |
rrnL |
Erythromycin |
Chlamydomonas |
nptII |
Kanamycin |
Tobacco (low transformation efficiency), Cotton |
aphA-6 |
Kanamycin, Amikacin |
Chlamydomonas, |
aad (preferred for chloroplast transformation) |
Trimethoprim, Spectinomycin, Streptomycin, Sulphonamides |
Solanum tuberosum (Potato) |
ble |
Bleomycin |
Tobacco |
dhfr |
Methotraxate |
Rice |
hpt |
Hygromycin |
Rice |
gat |
Gentamycin |
Tobacco |
Herbicide resistance |
||
psbA |
DCMU, metribuzin |
Chlamydomonas |
bar (not good enough for transformation) and pat |
Phosphinothricin |
Tobacco |
AHAS |
Sulfometuron methyl |
Porphyridium sp. |
EPSP |
Glyphosate |
Tobacco |
HPPD |
Diketonitrile |
Tobacco |
Csr 1-1 |
Chlorsulphuron |
Rice |
dhps |
Sulphonamides |
Tobacco |
Metabolism |
||
BADH |
Betaine aldehyde |
Tobacco |
coda |
5-fluorocytosine |
Tobacco |
ARG9 |
Arg autotrophy |
Chlamydomonas |
ASA2 |
Trp analogues |
Tobacco |
Table 5-5.7.1. Various selectable markers used for chloroplast transformation