In an important essay entitled “Cultural Studies: Two Paradigms” Stuart Hall took us back to the beginning of Cultural Studies which has a definite legacy in the work of three scholars who began an alternative way of looking at culture. They are Raymond Williams, Richard Hoggart and E P Thomson and their books respectively which are important in the genealogy of Cultural Studies are Culture and Society, Uses of Literacy and Making of the English Working Class.

In our discipline, culture is ordinary and is about everyday practices and everyday cultural forms. It is a way of life and the broad focus in Cultural Studies is also to investigate the way of life in its various aspects. Culture is seen as democratized, i.e. as a culture of the people. With democratization comes the idea of popular culture into the mainstream academic domain and Richard Hoggart and Raymond Williams were instrumental in demanding and establishing the study of popular culture in academia. Finally we also found that culture is understood as meaning creation, and the generation and circulation of meaning. Here this poststructuralist and semiological aspect is a later addition to the materialist school that was inaugurated by Richard Hoggart and Raymond Williams.