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Transportation system consists of a group of activities as well as entities
interacting with each other to achieve the goal of transporting people or goods
from one place to another.
Hence, the system has to meet the perceived social and economical needs of the
users.
As these needs change, the transportation system itself evolves and problems
occur as it becomes inadequate to serve the public interest.
One of the negative impacts of any transportation system is traffic congestion.
Traffic congestion occurs wherever demand exceeds the capacity of the
transportation system.
This lecture gives an overview of how congestion is generated, how it can be
measured or quantified; and also the various countermeasures to be taken in
order to counteract congestion.
Adequate performance measures are needed in order to quantify congestion in a
transportation system.
Quality of service measures indicates the degree of traveller satisfaction with
system performance and this is covered under traveller perception.
Several measures have been taken in order to counteract congestion.
They are basically classified into supply and demand measures.
An overview of all these aspects of congestion is dealt with in this lecture.
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