Module 6 : PHYSICS OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
Lecture 30 : Energy Band Diagram
  An empirical formula for resistivity of metal is
$\displaystyle \rho(T) = \rho_{ref}[1+\alpha(T-T_{ref})]$
  where $ \rho_{ref}$ is the resistivity at a reference temperature $ T_{ref}$, ususlly taken to be 0 $ ^\circ$C or 20 $ ^\circ$C. The constant $ \alpha$ is known as thecoefficient of resistivity, which is a small positive number (For Cu $ \alpha\simeq 0.004$/ $ ^\circ$C.
 
   
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