Kanaya - Okayama Depth penetration formula

R - Depth Penetration

A - Atomic Weight (g/mole)

n - a constant

E₀ - Beam Energy (kV)

Z - Atomic number

ρ - Density (g/cm)²

Figure 17.04 shows the schematic of penetration depth and volume at different beam energies.

Figure 17.04: Schematic representation of depth penetration in Iron with beam energies.