Examples:
 |
J. W. Sellers, W. E. Bissinger, J. Am. Soc. 1954, 76, 4486. |
 |
V. G. Yadav, S. B. Chandalia, Organic Process Research and Development 1997, 1, 226. |
 |
E. B. Hershberg, J. Cason, Org. Synth. CV3, 626. |
 |
|
2.3.7 Reduction of Aldehydes, Ketones and Esters
Hydrognation of carbonyls of aldehydes, ketones and esters have been well developed with chiral metal complexes in the presence of molecular hydrogen. For example, rhodium complexes with molecular hydrogen have shown good catalytic activity towards to the reduction of ketonic substrates possessing no functionality adjacent to the carbonyl group (Scheme 8).
 |
Scheme 8 |
Chiral rhodium phosphine complexes with molecular hydrogen are effective catalysts for the hydrogenation of ketopantolactone with good enantioselectivity (Scheme 9).
 |
Scheme 9 |