eIF4F –mRNA complex is associated with another initiation factor eIF4B which also stimulate helicase activity of eIF4A. Now, the complex eIF4F-mRNA-eIF4A joins 43s initiation complex via protein-protein interaction.

Scanning process as mentioned earlier is carried out with the help of factors eIF1 and eIF1A.  43s pre-initiation complex translocation along with mRNA till it finds AUG. As soon as it reaches AUG, it forms 48s complex. Furthermore eIF5A also joins which results in GTP hydrolysis by eIF2. Hydrolysis releases eIF2 and eIF3 and ultimately eIF5B causes addition of 60s subunit also. (Note: eIF2 can participate in another round of initiation, its bound GDP must be replaced with GTP. This process is catalysed by the eIF3B, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF).

ELONGATION : It is the cyclic process, elongation process  start  from formation of  first peptide bond to  addition of last of amino acid.ahe amino acid added to the chain one at the time to the nascent peptide chain. Addition of amino acid is very rapid process. The peptide sequence is in order of codon and anticodons in m-RNA, Rate of elongation is nearly 15 amino acids per second.
There are some requirements regarding to elongation-
(1) m-RNA and 70S ribosome
(2) Amino acyl t RNA
(3) Elongation factors

Elongation is carried out by ribosome in three different stages:

(1) Decoding : It is codon directed binding During the process of ribosome select and bind of incoming amino acyl t RNA at a site whose  anticodon is complementary to the codon of m RNA, Decoding region of 16s RNA  confirm the proper base pairing between codon and anticodon
(2) Peptide bond formation: In this process peptidyl group of p site of t RNA is transferred to the amino acyl group in a site through the peptide bond.
(3) Translocation: In this case t-RNA of A site is transferred to p site to make a space for next amino acyl t RNA at A site, and A site of t-RNA is shifted at E site. This shift is also coupled with ribosome movement along with m-RNA.