Let us consider two different elementary propositions 'Fa' and 'Ga'. We cannot deduce one from the other without adding any one of the premises, "If Fa then Ga" or "All Fa are Ga". These two propositions are respectively symbolized as; "Fa → Ga" and "(∀a) (Fa → Ga)". These alternative premises help in deducing an elementary proposition from another, i.e., either from 'Fa' to 'Ga' or from 'Ga' to 'Fa'. Without these two alternative premises we are unable to deduce one proposition from the other. It is marked that there is no possibility to infer the existence of one situation from the existence of another which is entirely different. So the elementary propositions are logically independent from each other. The question arises, why there has to be an elementary proposition? Wittgenstein replies that elementary propositions depict the primitive states of affairs which are constituted by the combination of simple objects. With this, by the help of referential theory or so called correspondence theory we can get the truth-value of a proposition. Further, we put a question, why there has to be a simple object? Wittgenstein answers that it is so because 'objects are simple' (Tractatus, 2.02).

In fact, Frege states that every well-formed proposition must have a sense and reference. From sense we can go to the reference. Holding this view, Wittgenstein aptly expresses that "every possible proposition is well-formed, and if it does not make sense, this can only come of our not having supplied any reference for some of its component parts" (Anscombe, 1971,68). The sense of a proposition depicts what is the case and differentiates it from what is not the case. So a proposition states about the existence and non-existence of the situation where each situation corroborates with some elements and these elements are related with the objects of the world. Hence, each situation refers to the object of the world for explaining what the case is and what the case is not. Therefore, all sentences can be judged as either true or false. In this way sentences deal with the situations and this implies that they express about the states of affairs of the world.

Again, each proposition represents a situation. That situation can give rise to the correct or incorrect picture of a proposition. The elements of a proposition are the basic ingredients which are arranged in a logical and sequential manner in a proposition. The way in which the elements are combined together provides a logical picture. This is what Wittgenstein calls the structure of picture. So every picture has a structure. But the structure of a picture and the picture itself are not identical with each other. It is so because the picture consists of structure and it includes the pictorial relationship. The pictorial relationship states about the objects of the phenomenal world whereas the structure of a picture shows how the elements are concatenated in the picture. In this connection, Wittgenstein states that the concatenation of the elements in a picture is called the structure of the picture. Each proposition depicts a picture. The picture represents a fact. Since it represents a fact, all the propositions can be judged as either true or false. The proposition will be true if the picture of the proposition corresponds to the facts of the world and it will be turned out to false when the picture of a proposition does not correspond to the facts of the world.