Module 1 : Atomic Structure
Lecture 5 : Wave Functions and Charge Densities.
  5.5

Problems

5.1) List the number of radial nodes and angular nodes in the following orbitals. a) 3p, b) 4d, c) 5s, d) 4f and e) 5f

 
5.2) Obatin the formulae for the angular parts of the 4f orbitals (from reference books) and for any one of them, determine the shapes and the locations of the angular nodes.

 

5.3) Although the p, d,f,g ---- orbitals do not have spherical symmetry, all atoms on the average are spherically symmetrical. Can you justify and rationalize this observation?


5.4) Qualitatively, sketch the radial parts of 4d and 5f orbitals. Even if the formulae ar not known, you can see the trends in 1s , 2s, 3s; 2p, 3p, 4p; 3d, 4d---- and arrive at these radial forms using inductive reasoning.
 

5.5) In the case of a 2pz orbital, at what point in space is the probability of finding the electron greatest ? (Do not use the radial probability density, but use the probability density, | | 2)

 

5.6) For a hydrogen like atom ( nuclear charge +Ze , Z 1 and only one electron present ), the 1s orbital has the form 1s (r) = (z3 / a03) ½ exp (-z r /a0). Obtain the most probable distance for finding the electron from the nucleus using the radial distribution function . Compare the values of this distance for n = 1, 2, 10, 18, 36 and 90.