Self-Assessment Question and Possible Answer

1. Briefly explain about the types of reference.

Ans.: Reference is of two sorts.

1. Direct reference
2. Indirect reference

In direct reference, the referent is known without any medium. In this case, we know the meaning of a word or the sense of an expression then refer to the particular object that it stands for, whereas in the case of indirect reference, we frame an image which we had seen or experienced earlier, then refer to the object on the basis of that image. For Frege, indirect reference is called "customary sense". Indirect reference of a sentence is due to the concept which maps thoughts.