Figure 2 Share of Patents within Indian Industry

We observe that patenting activity is moderate to insignificant in the other sectors, apart from pharmaceuticals and chemicals. Firms in developing countries including India have dominated innovations in biotechnology with extensive patenting. These innovations possess a high degree of science linkages and joint partnership between industry and university. Table 3.6 indicates the details of the patenting activity in the three defined time periods: pre-WTO (1990-94), post-WTO (1995-98) and the current period (1999-2002).