Introduction
The topics covered in this chapter are as follows:

• Power Train and Drive Cycles
• New York City Cycle (NYCC)
• Japanese JP-10-15
• Extra Urban Driving Cycle EUDC
• Federal Test Procedure FTP-75
• New European Driving Cycle (NEDC)

Power Train and Drive Cycles
The power train of EVs and HEVs consists of Electric Motor (EM) and the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE). The first step towards the design of the power train is to determine the power ratings of the motor used in the EV and HEV drivetrain is to ascertain the motor specifications. These specifications are determined making use of the drive cycle the vehicle operates on and the vehicle dynamic equation for tractive force calculation. The design constraints set on the drivetrain like the initial acceleration time, the value of the cruising at rated vehicle speed, and the value of the cruising at maximum vehicle speed affects the specification of the induction motor. Finally, the tractive force required to propel the vehicle to the drive cycle chosen gives the necessary motor specifications used in the drivetrain.

The design constraints of power train of the vehicle are listed below and the vehicle operating regions are shown in Figure 1.

1. Initial acceleration.
2. Cruising at rated vehicle speed.
3. Cruising at maximum vehicle speed.
4. Retardation.

Hence, in order to size the components of the vehicle properly, it is necessary to understand the drive cycle properly. The various drive cycles used are:

• New York City Cycle (NYCC)
• Japanese JP-10-15 Drive Cycle
• Extra Urban Driving Cycle (EUDC)
• Federal Test Procedure
• Federal Test Procedure (FTP-75)
• Inspection and Maintenance (IM-240)
• Highway Fuel Economy Test (EPAHWFET)
• Air-conditioning Supplemental (FTP SC03)
• Heavy Duty Urban Driving Cycle (HUDDSCOL)
• Unified Cycle Driving Schedule (UCDS) LA-92

The dynamic equations of the vehicle (refer Lecture 3 ) are used to analyse the impact of drive cycle on the vehicle performance. The dynamic equations of the vehicle give the force required to move the vehicle and this force is given as:

(1)