Module 7 : Soil Pollution

Lecture 4 : Soils and Pollution

 

4-4. Man-made chemicals

(1) Halocarbon (CFCs):

Such as:
spray cans of paint, cosmetics, insecticides (DDT, 2,4 -D etc.), and freons. These things damage the ozone layer.

4-4. Man-made chemicals

(1) Halocarbon (CFCs):

(2) Hydrocarbons

The infamous case: Oil spills of Exxon Valdez

On March 24, 1989, the oil supertanker Exxon Valdez ran aground on a reef in the northern part of Prince William Sound, Alaska, discharging 260,000 barrels (11 million gallons) of crude oil that quickly covered thousands of square kilometers. The spill proved to be one of the most devastating to wildlife, especially sea otters. Killing birds, fish, shellfish, etc.

Some estimation indicates that approximately three million metric tons of oil per year spills to the ocean globally.

Deepwater Horizon (BP) – Gulf of Mexico


1 million+ gallons of an untested dispersant applied near well head

"Many people speculated that subsurface oil droplets were being easily biodegraded. Well, we didn't find that. We found it was still there"

- Woods Hole scientist

Estimated 75% of oil left in ecosystem

"The root causes are systemic and, absent significant reform in both industry practices and government policies, might well recur"

White House Commission Report