Module 2 : CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE AND ORGANISATION

Lecture 3 : 1,2 and 3 Questions

Q11. When can we see chromosomes easily?
Q12. How does dense packing of DNA in chromosome prevent gene expression?
Q13. Illustrate the hierarchy of DNA condensation into chromosomes.
Q14. Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome.
Q15. What are lampbrush and polytene chromosomes and where are they observed?
Q16. What is karyotype? What will happen to human Karyotype in Down Syndrome?
Q17. What is C-value paradox?
Q18. How are telomeres replicated?
Q19. Describe the types of chromosomes.
Q20. What is centromeric DNA?
Q21. What is chromatin? Differentiate between heterochromatin and Euchromatin.
Q22. How polytene chromosomes are formed?
Q23. What will be the result of defective telomere replication?

Reference

  1. Alberts B et al. (2002) in “The Molecular biology of the cell”, 4th edition. Garland Science, New York.
  2. Benjamin A P (2004) in “Genetics: A Conceptual Approach”, 2nd edition. Freeman and company, USA.
  3. Cooper G M, Hausman R E (1997) in “The cell a molecular approach”, 4th edition, ASM Press, USA.
  4. Gaginskaya E, Kulikova T, Krasikova A (2009) Avian Lampbrush Chromosomes: a Powerful Tool for Exploration of Genome Expression. Cytogenet Genome Res. V.124. P.251-267.
  5. Grewal S S, Jia S (2008). Heterochromatin revisited. Nature reviews 8:35-46.
  6. Karp G (2010) in “Cell and Molecular Biology Concepts and Experiments”, 6th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA.
  7. Lehninger A L, Nelson D L, Cox MM (2009) in “Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry”. 5th edition, Freeman and company, USA.
  8. Lender ES et al. (2001) Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome. Nature 431 (7011): 931–45.
  9. Jorgenson K F, van de Sande J H, Lin C C (1978). Chromosoma 68:287-302.
  10. Morgan G T (2002). Lampbrush chromosomes and associated bodies: new insights into principles of nuclear structure and function. Chromosome Research 10: 177 - 200.
  11. Voet D, Voet J (2011) in “Biochemistry”. 4th edition. J. Wiley & Sons, USA.