| Introduction
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- Revolutionary changes have taken place in last few years in surveying instruments that are used for measuring level differences, distances and angles.
- This has become possible because of introduction of electronics in these measurements. With rapid advancements in the technology and availability of cheaper and innovative electronic components, these instruments have become affordable and easy to use.
- This module outlines developments in the technology for various survey measurements such as digital levels, electronic distance measuring instruments, electronic theodolites, and total stations.
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