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There are three methods of toll collection available.
These are:
(i) Manual,
(ii) Automatic, and
(ii) Electronic.
Manual toll collection is most widely used collection method in India.
It requires a toll collector or attendant.
Based on the vehicle classification, cash toll is received by the collector.
The collector, who also dispenses change, may accept and sell scrip, tickets,
coupons, making an entry of the vehicle in the system and issuing receipt to the
patron [2].
Due to manual intervention, the processing time is highest.
Automatic toll collection is based on the use of Automated Coin Machine (ACM).
These accept both coins and tokens issued by the operating agency.
Depending on the toll rate, the use of automated coin or token collection
instead of manual collection reduces transaction and processing time as well as
the operating cost.
Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) is a system that automatically identifies a
vehicle equipped with a valid encoded data tag or transponder as it moves
through a toll lane or checkpoint.
The ETC system then posts a debit or charge to a patron's account, without the
patron having to stop to pay the toll.
ETC increases the lane throughput because vehicles need not stop to pay the toll.
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