1.8.2.5 Synthesis of α-Ketols
The double bond could be oxidized to α-ketol depending on the reaction conditions. Generally,
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Scheme 10 |
the co-oxidants play a crucial role. For examples, 1-methylcyclohexane can give 2-methyl-2-hydroxycyclohexanone and 6-oxoheptanoic acid depending on the nature of co-oxidant used (Scheme 10).
1.8.3 Palladium (Pd)
Palladium is the least dense metal in the platinum group and its atomic number is 46. The oxidation states of palladium are 0 and +2 and +4, among them, +4 is less common. The palladium was discovered by William Hyde Wollaston in 1803.
1.8.3.1 Oxidation of Alcohols
Palladium based catalysts have been successfully used for the oxidation of alcohols in presence of a base under atmospheric oxygen. The reaction is selective and works without affecting other functional groups. For example, Pd4 cluster has been used for the selective oxidation of allylic alcohols to give α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds (Scheme 11).
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Scheme 11 |