Raman Spectroscopy

Raman Spectroscopy is a powerful diagnostic tool for the study of graphene . Both the G ( 1584 cm-1) and G' (2700 cm-1) bands undergo Significant changes due to the thickness of AB stacked flakes, as produced by mechanical exfoliation

Transmission electron Microscopy (TEM)

TEM images show the nucleation of (c) one, (d) three, or (e) four layers during the growth process