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40.2 Canine Distemper Virus

Canine distemper virus is an important pathogen which naturally infects a broad range of terrestrial and marine carnivores. Canine distemper virus is a member of genus Morbillivirus of the family Paramyxoviridae . The disease is characterized by skin rash, fever, gastrointestinal and respiratory signs, and a profound immune-suppression as well as by frequent neurological complications.

40.3 Rift Valley Fever Virus

Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) is a member of the genus Phlebovirus (family Bunyaviridae ). The RVFV is transmitted by the bite of mosquitoes. The disease was first reported in sheep in Kenya in 1918. Infection of RVFV is characterized by febrile illness with hemorrhages and inflammation of brain.

40.4 Hantavirus

Hantavirus belongs to the family Bunyaviridae (negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses) . Hantavirus is transmitted by rodents (deer mice) via their urine and feces. Hantavirus is a cause of hemorrhagic fever with a renal (Kidney) syndrome. The early symptoms of the disease are similar to flu and include fever, chills, cough and muscle ache. The disease can progress to Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.

40.5 Ebola Virus

Ebola virus belongs to family of RNA viruses called the Filoviridae . The virus leads to fatal hemorrhagic disease in humans and nonhuman primates. The transmission of the virus occurs by direct contact with the blood and/or secretions of an infected person. Sudden onset of illness is characterized by fever, sore throat, headache, joint and muscle pain, and weakness, followed by diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. In highly fatal cases internal and external bleeding may be seen in the patients.