Metaphase: In this phase, the two centrosomes start pulling the chromosomes using the attached centromeres towards the ends of the cell. As a result, chromosome are aligned along the metaphase plate or equatorial plane. Since the pulling power of both centrosome is almost equal, it eventually arrange the chromosomes on metaphase plate. The alignment of chromosome along with metaphase plate is a crucial event to decide the entry of cells into the anaphase. The signal required for this control is created by mitotic spindle checkpoint.

Anaphase: The proteins attached to each chromatid are cleaved and sister chromatids are separated as daughter chromosomes. The chromosomes lined on metaphase plate are pulled by the microtubule and move towards their respective centrisome. Although the exact mechanism of generating force required for centrisome movement is unknown but it is suggested that rapid assembly and breakdown of microtubule may provide the force for this movement. At the end of this phase, chromosome are been prepared for distribution between sister cells.   

Telophase: In this phase, daughter chromosomes moved and attached to the opposite end of the cell. A nuclear membrane forms around each set of separated daughter chromosomes and nucleolus reappears. In this event, several processes during prophase are reversed to give two daughter nuclei.

Cytokinesis: At the end of telephase, mitosis is over but cell division requires distribution of cellular content equally between daughter cells. In animal cell, a cleavage furrow is formed along the metaphase plate and divides individual nuclei as separate cells. During this process, it is ensured that besides nuclei, all other cellular organelles should be distributed equally between daughter cells. In plant, cell plate is formed and divides the cellular content between daughter cells. 

Role of Cell-cycle: Cell cycle plays important role in following events:
1. Development and growth: The development of single cell into the multi-cellular system is possible due to cell cycle and division.
2. Cell replacement: Eukaryotic cells have pre-defined life span and after that period it needs to be replaced with new one. It is possible due to cell division and making more cellular copies. For example, human RBC has life span of 3 months, new RBCs are formed from bone marrow by cell division.  
3. Regeneration: Cellular damage and injury is the integral part of living system. Cell division is the primary event required for the synthesis of lost or damaged organ.
4. Asexual reproduction: Asexual reproduction is common in lower invertebrate (as discussed in earlier lecture). In these organisms cell divide to form new cells and these newly formed ceklls give rise to new organism. For example hydra.

Control of cell-cycle: Cell cycle at different step is tightly controlled by cell-cycle check points. These cell cycle check points are used to ensure the completion of different steps and repair of DNA damage.