Z-transform
The response of a linear time-invariant system with impulse response h[n] to a complex exponential input of the form can be represented in the following way :
  
where 
In the complex z-plane , we take a circle with unit radius centered at the origin.

H(w) is periodic with period with respect to ' w ' .
When we replace z by ,we get periodicity of in the form of a circle.
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