Time and Frequency Scaling:
Time reversal
Let us find the DTFT of x[-n]
 
Time expansion:
It is very difficult for us to define x[an] when
a is not an integer. However if a is an integer other than 1 or -1 then
the original signal is not just speeded up. Since n can take only integer
values, the resulting signal consists of samples of x[n] at an.
If k is a positive integer, and we define the signal
then
 
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