Conclusion:

This lecture discusses basics of materials and energy   balance. Metal extraction unit process and their combination are given to produce a metal. The readers must bear is mind that unit processes are described briefly. For details please see the references.


References:

Rosenquist: Principles of extractive metallurgy
H. S.  Ray, R.Shridhar and K.P. Abraham, Extraction of non famous metals.
Fine, H.Alan and G.H.Geiger: Handbook on Materials and Energy Balance Calculations in Metallurgical Processes