Module 8: Multiferroic and Magnetoelectric Ceramics
  Type II Multiferroics
 
8.6 Type II Multiferroics

This class of multiferroics is of the materials which show ferroelectricity in their magnetically ordered state and that too of a particular type. Moreover, very strong coupling between ferroelectric and magnetic order parameters has also been observed. In 2003, Kimura et al. reported26 presence of spontaneous polarization in the magnetized state of the TbMnO3. TbMnO3 has various magnetic structures: it is an incommensurate antiferromagnet between 27 and 42 K and is commensurate antiferromagnet between 7 and 27 K. It is in the commensurate state between 7 and 27 K, the material show ferroelectricity. This discovery was followed by observation of similar effect in TbMn2O5 by Hur et al.27 Subsequently variety of other materials have also been investigated such as Ni3V2O8, MnWO6 showing this effect. Magnetic spin structure can be either a spiraling cycloid type or a collinear type.

26T. Kimura1, T. Goto, H. Shintani, K. Ishizaka, T. Arima and Y. Tokura, Nature, 426, p55, (2003)
27N. Hur, S. Park, P. A. Sharma, J. S. Ahn, S. Guha and S-W. Cheong, Nature 429, 392-395 (2004)