Module 3: Velocity Measurement
  Lecture 16: Validation of PIV with HWA
 

The velocity components and in the laboratory coordinates x and y can be calculated from the velocity in the wire coordinate using an appropriate geometrical transformation, leading to:

(23)
(24)

The digitization of the hotwire signal results in N evenly distributed and statistically independent samples that, to a first approximation, can be taken as statistically stationary. The mean value of the velocities and can be evaluated as the ensemble average of the velocity signals and i.e.

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(26)

Subsequently, the velocity fluctuations, and are calculated by subtracting the mean component of velocity from the velocity signals and . Hence

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(28)

The root mean square components of velocities, and the Reynolds shear stress have been evaluated as:

(29)

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(31)

Here, the measurements from the two wires of the probe are taken to be simultaneous. This assumption neglects the small time lag introduced during data transfer in the A/D card.