| |
contd....
Table 4.3 |
European Emission Standards for Passenger Cars, g/km |
| Description |
Vehicle Type |
CO |
HC |
NO x |
HC+NO x |
PM |
| 1992 – Euro 1 |
All |
2.72 |
- |
- |
0.97 |
0.14 (1) |
| |
|
(3.16) |
|
|
(1.13) |
(0.18) (2) |
1996 – Euro 2 |
Gasoline |
2.2 |
- |
- |
0.50 |
- |
| |
Diesel IDI |
1.0 |
- |
- |
0.70 |
0.08 |
| |
Diesel DI |
1.0 |
- |
- |
0.90 |
0.10 |
2000 - Euro 3 (3) |
Gasoline |
2.3 |
0.20 |
0.15 |
- |
- |
| |
Diesel |
0.64 |
- |
0.50 |
0.56 |
0.05 |
| |
Gasoline |
1.00 |
0.10 |
0.08 |
- |
- |
2005 – Euro 4 |
Gasoline |
1.00 |
0.10 |
0.08 |
- |
- |
| |
Diesel |
0.50 |
- |
0.25 |
0.30 |
0.025 |
| 2009 - Euro 5 |
Gasoline |
1.0 |
0.10 (4) |
0.06 |
- |
0.005 (5,6) |
| |
Diesel |
0.50 |
- |
0. 18 |
0.23 |
0.005 (6) |
| 2014 – Euro 6 |
Gasoline |
1.0 |
0.10 (4) |
0.06 |
- |
0.005 (5,6) |
| |
0.50 |
- |
0. 08 |
0.17 |
0.17 |
0.005 (6) |
| (1) |
PM limits apply only to diesel cars. |
| (2) |
Values in parentheses are conformity of production (COP) limits. From Euro 2 standards type approval and COP limits are the same |
| (3) |
40s idle phase preceding test eliminated |
| (4) |
0.068 g/km NMHC (non-methane hydrocarbons) |
| (5) |
applicable only to lean burn gasoline direct injection engines |
| (6) |
Likely to be reduced to 0.003 with new measurement method . |
Since 1991/1992 when the European vehicles needed catalytic exhaust aftertreatment to meet the regulations drastic reductions in emission limits have been enforced. Relative emissions limits since 1990 (pre-Euro1) to Euro 4 limits are shown on Fig 4.8. The Euro 4 limits were only about 5 to 15 % of the pre 1990 limits. Beyond Euro 4 standards, drastic reductions in diesel NOx and PM emissions are required. The diesel passenger car NOx would be reduced to just 1/3 rd and PM to 1/5 th of Euro 4 limits.
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