We shall construct injective maps from
into
and vice versa. Fix a path
in
joining
and
.
Pick
and let
be the lift of
starting at
and define a map
by the prescription
Likewise let
be the map in the reverse direction constructed using the path
.
Since the inverse path
is the unique lift of
starting at
, we see that
whereby we conclude
is the identity map on
. By symmetry
is the identity map on
as desired.
nisha
2012-03-20