According to the Roman architect Vitruvius in the early 1st century AD-
1) Durability (Firmitas) - it should stand up robustly and remain in good condition.
2) Utility (Utilitas) - it should be useful and function well for the people using it
3) Beauty (Venustas) - it should delight people and raise their spirits
The modern period gave a new look to architecture because of invention of new materials that introduced a new concept of aesthetics along with durability and efficiency. The introduction of cement concrete (RCC) benefited human beings in construction but it gradually de linked the old harmonious relationship between man and nature. Instead of maintaining the traditional relationship man gradually de-linked themselves from the nature. Original reasons for building shelter (protection and comfort) no longer hold any water. The closer relationship is cut by erecting solid walls. The vernacular of architecture evolved around the needs and the means. Material played major role in shaping the future of architecture.
A new vision of the house is designed in its natural surroundings and opening towards them by means of terraces and cantilevered roofs, and a new vision of the interior (space) of the house as freely intercommunicating spaces. The introduction of steel and glass skyscrapers, Skin & Bone, and garden landscaping became part of the city planning since the middle of this century.
