Introduction

Now these two lectures are devoted to the debate on modernization in India. These lectures explore various alternatives to modernization. Talking on development in drawing rooms or village chaupals one readily expresses that modernization has led to alienation, all round dissatisfaction in life, fall in moral standards, crisis of values, conflicts, violence, wrong practices and unhappiness. But nobody seems to have any solution. We all want to develop as an individual as well as a group? The questions are: Did tradition have a different view of progress? Can that provide a solution to the contemporary crisis of values? Can that make the society perfect? If the answer to these questions is, no, then the only option is to weigh the costs and benefits of different options to modernization.