Module 3 : Child Abuse, Child Labour and Violence against Women

Lecture 18 : Child Labour: Concept and Causes

 

Working Conditions of Child Labourers

Not only working children are found throughout India, but even horrible working conditions exist everywhere. Nowhere in India are the working conditions of children found to be satisfactory. Children who pushed to the inevitable conditions of physical work in urban and industrial areas suffer from various hardships. They work under in tolerable conditions, in private houses as domestic servants; in tea-shops and restaurants as vessel-washers and waiters; in mining and industrial units as young labourers; in garages as cleaners, in shop as salesmen, and so on. Some work in dangerously polluted factories while a few others toil near furnaces which burn at a temperature of 1400 degree centigrade. These children not only work under insanitary conditions but also are made to stay in unhygienic shelters. A large number of child workers are huddled in small rooms under in human conditions. These rooms are compartments of substandard, ill-ventilated, insanitary and poorly lighted shelters. These dwelling places are virtually unfit for human habitation. Child workers who are made to toil for long hours under hazardous conditions hardly maintain good health. Many of them suffer from lung diseases, tuberculosis, chronic stomach pain, eye diseases, asthama, bronchitis, back pain, skin diseases, typhoid etc. working conditions of these children are so horrible that some get injured and even disabled in fire accidents.

 

Child Labour in Hazardous Occupations, 2001

 

SL NO.

Hazardous Occupations/Processes

No. of children employed ,2001

Percentage of children employed in 2001

1

India Total

1219470

100.

2

Domestic workers

185505

15.21

3

Dhabas/restaurant/hotel/motels

70934

5.81

4

Agarbatii/dhup/detergent making

13583

1.11

5

Pan/bidi/cigareetts

252574

20.71

6

Spinning/weaving

128984

10.57

7

Construction

208833

17.12

8

Brick/kilns/tiles

84972

6.96

9

Jem/cutting/jewelery

37489

3.07

10

Carpet-making

32647

2.67

11

Auto-workshop/vehicle repairs

49893

4.09

12

Ceramic

18894

1.54

13

Others

135162

11.08

 

Source: Statistics on Women In India 2010, NIPCCD Report

 

References

Children in India-2012, A Statistical Appraisal, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, New Delhi, 2012.

Statistics on Women in India, National Institute of Public Cooperation and Child Development, New Delhi, 2007.