Introduction

The topics covered in this chapter are as follows:

• Function of Control System in HEVs and EVs
• Elementary of Control Theory
• Overview of Control System: The Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
• Control Area Network
• Control Variables

Classification of Hybrid ECU

The hybrid ECU is the heart of the control architecture of any HEV and it is also known energy management strategy (EMS). The EMS can be classified into following broad categories:

i.  Rule based

ii.  Optimization based

 

The Rule Based strategies consist of following subcategories:

i.   Fuzzy based : The fuzzy based control strategies are of three types

a.  Predictive,

b.  Adaptive

c.  Conventional

ii.   Deterministic Control : The deterministic controllers are subdivided into

a.  State Machine

b.  Power follower

c.  Thermostat Control .

The Optimization based strategies are of following types:

i.  Global Optimization: The global optimization methods are:

a.  Linear programming methods

b.  Dynamic Programming

c.  Stochastic Dynamic Programming

d.  Genetic Algorithms

ii.  Real time Optimization: The real time optimization techniques are of following types:

a.  EFC minimization

b.  Robust control

c.  Model predictive

d.  Decoupling Control

In Figure 1 the classification tree of the various control techniques is shown. In the subsequent sections the Rule based control strategies will be discussed in detail.