Sand Replacement Method - Observations and Calculations
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Volume of calibrating cylinder (cm3), V1 =
Mass of sand for filling the calibrating cylinder and cone (g), W1 =
Mass of sand for filling only the cone (g), W2 =
Mass of sand in the calibrating cylinder (g), W3 = W1 - W2
Bulk density of sand (g/cm3),

Field Test No.
1
2
3
4
Mass of pouring cylinder + sand before pouring in hole (g), W4

       
Mass of pouring cylinder + sand after pouring in hole (g), W5

       
Mass of sand used in the hole (g), W6 = W4 - W5 - W2

       
Volume of excavated hole (cm3),
       
Mass of excavated soil (g), W7

       
Average water content, w (%)

       

Field bulk density (g/cm3),

       

Field dry density (g/cm3),

       

In-situ dry density = Average of the computed values  

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