Global distribution of water and groundwater availability in India
The total volume of water in the earth is approximately 13.6 x108 km3. Out of which only 8.336 x106 km3 is stored in the form of groundwater, which is approximately 0.62% of the total water of the Earth. Out of 8.336 x106 km3 of groundwater, approximately 4.168 x106 km3 of groundwater is in the upper 0.8 km of the earth's crust and rest 4.168 x106 km3 is in the deep strata,
i.e. beyond 0.8 km from the ground level. Approximately 97.5% of the global water is in the oceans and 2.5% is fresh water (Fig. 2.1). Out of 2.5% of freshwater, 68.7% is in glaciers, 30.1% is groundwater, 0.8% is in permafrost and 0.4% is surface and atmospheric water. Out of the 0.4% of surface and atmospheric water, 67.4% is in freshwater lakes, 12.2% is in soil moisture, 9.5% is atmospheric water, 8.5% is in wetlands, 1.6% is in river and rest 0.8% is biological water. |
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