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Traditionally fatigue cracking has been considered as the major, or only criterion for
rigid pavement design.
The allowable number of load repetitions to cause fatigue cracking depends on
the stress ratio between flexural tensile stress and concrete modulus of
rupture.
Of late, pumping is identified as an important failure criterion.
Pumping is the ejection of soil slurry through the joints and cracks of cement
concrete pavement, caused during the downward movement of slab under the heavy
wheel loads.
Other major types of distress in rigid pavements include faulting, spalling, and
deterioration.
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