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A number of mechanisms are used by the traffic engineer to communicate with the
road user.
These mechanisms recognize certain human limitations, particularly eyesight.
Messages are conveyed through the following elements.
- Color: It is the first and most easily noticed characteristics of
a device.
Usage of different colors for different signs are important.
The most commonly used colors are red, green, yellow, black, blue, and brown .
These are used to code certain devices and to reinforce specific messages.
Consistent use of colors helps the drivers to identify the presence of sign
board ahead.
- Shape : It is the second element discerned by the driver next to
the color of the device.
The categories of shapes normally used are circular, triangular, rectangular,
and diamond shape.
Two exceptional shapes used in traffic signs are octagonal shape for STOP sign
and use of inverted triangle for GIVE WAY (YIELD) sign.
Diamond shape signs are not generally used in India.
- Legend : This is the last element of a device that the drive
comprehends.
This is an important aspect in the case of traffic signs.
For the easy understanding by the driver, the legend should be short, simple
and specific so that it does not divert the attention of the driver.
Symbols are normally used as legends so that even a person unable to read the
language will be able to understand that.
There is no need of it in the case of traffic signals and road markings.
- Pattern: It is normally used in the application of road markings,
complementing traffic signs.
Generally solid, double solid and dotted lines are used.
Each pattern conveys different type of meaning.
The frequent and consistent use of pattern to convey information is recommended
so that the drivers get accustomed to the different types of markings and can
instantly recognize them.
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