4.10. THE DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA)

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the genetic material that

• Stores genetic information in the form of a code: a linear sequence of nucleotides.
• DNA is a double stranded biopolymer containing repeating units of nitrogen base, deoxyribose sugar, and phosphate.
• DNA can be arranged in 3 types of duplexes which contain major and minor grooves.
• DNA can adopt several topological forms.
• There are enzymes that will cut DNA, ligate DNA, and change the topology of DNA.
• Replicated by copying the strands using each as a template for the production of the complementary strand.
• Human genome contains about 3.2 billion base pairs. Inter-individual differences are observed at about 1 per 1,000 nucleotides.

So Where DNA Is??...Everywhere In LIFE…In Cell…In Cytoplasm.