Figure 20.4: Steps in yeast transformation by sphereplast method.

 

Electroporation- Plasma membrane is composed of lipid and protein. These macromolecules give a partial conductance to the cell membrane. When a high electric pulse is given to the cell, the charge run across the membrane and partially disturbs the arrangement of lipid molecule. As a result, it makes formation of pore and allows easy passage of macromolecules especially charged molecule like DNA into the cell. After the electroporation, cell is allowed to recover from the damage and it forms colony on the selective solid media.