Figure 35.1 Classification of hypersensitive reactions:

35.3 Diseases caused by antibodies

Disorders involving antibodies may occur either due to antigen antibody reaction or antigen-antibody complexes formed in various tissues. Haemolysis in transfusion reactions involves opsonization of cells by antibodies to stimulate the complement system. Further Phagocytes kill the opsonized cells leading to cell destruction. Sometimes antibody abnormalities may also cause conditions like Graves' disease. In other cases like antibody mediated glomerulonephritis, cell damage occurs because of leukocyte activation and inflammation.

Table 35.1 Diseases caused by antibodies: