Fig 1.10: Spherical Polar Coordinate System

Thus we see that a vector in one coordinate system is transformed to another coordinate system through two-step process: Finding the component vectors and then variable transformation.

Spherical Polar Coordinates:

For spherical polar coordinate system, we have, . A point is represented as the intersection of

(i) Spherical surface r=r₀

(ii) Conical surface ,and

(iii) half plane containing z-axis making angle with the xz plane as shown in the figure 1.10.