Principles of calcination:

Calcination is a thermal treatment process and applied to ores and other solid materials to bring

a) Thermal decomposition

b) phase transition and

c)  to remove volatile fractions such as

Material is heated below the melting point in rotary kiln or fluidized bed reactor. Calcination is done in the solid state.

Application:

• To produce cement from
  
  
• To cause decomposition of hydrated minerals as in calcination of bauxite to produce refractory grade .
  
  
• To cause decomposition of volatile matter contained in petroleum Coke.
  
  
• To heat treat to effect phase transformation as in devitrification of glass materials.
  
  
• To produce anhydrous  for electrolysis of  to in Hall-Heroult cell