Lectures 3 to 5

i)   What do you understand by 1 weight percent standard state? Discuss with reference to        thermodynamic calculations on refining of hot metal to steel.

ii)    In a binary solution of Fe with an element x, what is the physical significance of ideal and nonideal        behavior of the element X. Give example to illustrate the answer

iii)   What is the importance of slag in steelmaking?

iv)   Why is there a difference in the structure of CaO and SiO₂?

v)    Discuss the effect of addition of CaO to molten silica. At what percent addition of CaO the hexagonal        structure of silica will be broken to independent  ?

vi)   Obtain an expression to calculate the basicity of slag which contains
         from ionic approach

vii)   What is the role of slag foaming in BOF and EAF steelmaking

viii)   Calculate the foaming index slag of composition  and  at 1773 K          slag from the following data:

ix)       and  and 0.01m.