Future issues of Refractory technology

a)     Durability of refractory for pairing nozzles and side dams determines the success of         strip casting.

b)     Technology of mass melting of scrap in converter by using post combustion requires          super- high temperature refractories.

c)     Super fine powder processing technology to produce refractory.

d)     Use of monolithic refractory in steel making and refining furnaces require automating          brick lying and intelligent repair.

e)     Nano tech refractory is thermal shock and corrosion resistant The nano-particles act          in two ways

• They consist of mono spheres and improve properties like elasticity and strength
• Control of molecular structure as the particles have many small pores of several hundred nanometers.

Reference:
P.Mullinger and B. Jenkins: Industrial and process furnaces
Kenneth C. Mills et.al.: A review of slag splashing, ISIJ Intern. 45(2005), No. 5, PP 619-633
Y.Naruse: Trends of steelmaking refractories