Module 1: Fuels characterization and energy balance
  Lecture 2: Characterisation of Fuels
 

Ultimate Analysis:

Compn(%)

As received
(Moist basis)

As received*
(Moist basis)

Dry basis*
C
69.8
69.8
73.1
H
4.6
5.1
4.8
O
8.5
12.5
8.9
N
14
1.4
1.5
S
2.5
2.5
2.6
A
8.7
8.7
9.1
M
4.5
-
-
Total
100
100
100


Fuel Oil:

Fuel oil consists of elements such as C, H, O, N and S. It is easy to handle and store and possesses CV (Calorific Value) greater than other fuels. It is obtained from crude petroleum and its ultimate analysis does not vary much
Fuel oil is brought and sold on a volume basis. The specific gravity is determined in degrees API with a specially marked hydrometer. The unit is defined as follows:

(8)

NCV varies from 9000 to 10000 Kcal/kg

Gaseous Fuels:

Natural gas is a fossil fuel. All gaseous fuels have

Combustible
Incombustible
CO
N2
H2
CO2
Hydrocarbon (CH4, C6H6, C2H4 etc.)
H2O