List of Symbols

	Displacements in ,  and -direction
	Length of the plate
	Width of the plate
	Thickness of the plate
	Young’s modulus
	Poisson’s ratio
	Density of the material
	Stress
	Strain
	Mid plane strain
	Mid plane shear strain
	Mid plane curvature
	Area coordinates
	Area of a triangle
	Global force vector
	Nodal displacement in and -direction
	Structural nodal displacement and acceleration vectors
	Global stiffness and mass matrices
	Modified stiffness and mass matrices
	Reduced stiffness and mass matrices
	Nodal displacement
	Transformation matrices between natural and global coordinates
	Strain energy in thin laminated plate
	Kinetic energy
	Thickness of the  layer
	Density of the  layer
	Eigen values and eigen vectors
	Stiffness matrix for actuator
	Structural electromechanical matrix
	Equivalent force due to actuator voltage
	Actuator voltage vector
	Number of piezoelectric layers
	Work done by actuator
	Elastic modulus for piezoelectric layer
	Electrical field vector
	Electric displacement vector
	Elastic stiffness matrix
	Piezoelectric stress charge tensor
	Piezoelectric permittivity matrix
	Strain in piezoelectric layer
	Shape function matrix
	Piezoelectric coupling constants in 31 and 32 modes
	Number of piezoelectric sensors
	Constant gain matrix
	Actuator input voltage vector and sensor output voltage vector
	Charge output
	Constant gain of the charge amplifier of the   electroplated sensor
	State vector
	Excitation vector
	Mechanical impedance of the system
	Distances from neutral axis
B	Magnetic flux density vector
	Electric field displacement
	Electric field strength
	Elastic modulus of fiber
	Elastic modulus of the matrix
	Elastic modulus in the longitudinal direction
	Elastic modulus in the transverse direction
	Shear modulus of the fiber
	Shear modulus for the matrix
	Shear modulus of the composite
	Strain energy release rate
	Thickness of the kth ply
	Thickness of the magnetostrictive layer
	Magnetic field
	Moment vector in the composite laminate in Newton-meter/width
	Moment vector in the composite laminate, Newton/width
	Force vector for lamina above magnetostrictive layer
	Force vector for lamina below magnetostrictive layer
	Load applied
	Elastic compliance matrix measured at constant magnetic field, H
	Transformation matrix
	Dielectric constant at constant stress
	Elasticity matrix at constant elastic field
	Permeability at constant stress
	Amplitude of the current
	Bias current vector
	Frequency of the alternating current
,	Extensional, bending and coupling stiffness matrices
	Volume fraction of ribbon
	Elastic modulus of ribbon and matrix material
	Width and thickness of the ribbon
	Spacing between two layers of the ribbons
	Spacing between two ribbons in a given layer
	Distances of lower and upper interfaces of the  lamina
	Distance from mid plane in thickness direction
	Number of turns of magnetizing coil per unit length
	Total length of conducting coil
	Area of the cross section of the coil
	Strain at top and bottom of the layer
	Stress at top and bottom of the layer
	Stiffness matrix of the laminate
	Modified stiffness matrix of the laminate
,	Strain, stress and voltage in MS layer considering the bending effect
	Strain, stress and voltage in MS layer considering the mechanical input
	Fracture toughness
	Form factor
	Critical stress intensity factor
	Allowable stress in a layer
	Crack length
	Frequency shift in the reflected beam
	Velocity of the moving object
	Wavelength
	Light intensities of two interfering Laser beams
	Resultant intensity of the Laser
	Damping ratio