Lever:
A straight rod or board that pivots on a point known as a fulcrum. The fulcrum can be moved depending on the weight of the object to be lifted or the force you wish to exert. Pushing down on one end of a lever results in the upward motion of the opposite end of the fulcrum.

Machines

Let the angle of inclination of the plane be q and the length of the inclined plane be L. Then, if the roller is made to roll from bottom to top, applying an effort P, the load is lifted through a height of Lsinq. In this process the effort P moves through a distance L vertically downwards.