Bending

Bending is the operation of deforming a flat sheet around a straight axis where the neutral plane lies. It is a very common forming process for changing the sheets and plates into channel, drums, tanks, etc. Two different scheme of bending are shown in the figure 3.4.2. Spring back is a major problem during bending of sheets that occurs due to elastic recovery by the material causing a decrease in the bend angle once the pressure is removed. The springback can be minimized by introducing excess amount bending so that the finished bending angle is the same after the elastic recovery. However, a careful estimate of the elastic recovery based on the mechanical behaviour of the sheet material is necessary to achieve the same.