A number of conditions which mark postmodernity leading to new forms of emancipatory practices are (Augustine and Sharma, 1995):

• Variety of multi-class polycultural settings rather than the homogenizing context of capitalism.

• Invisible objects of demonization rather than the demonization of the owners of means of production or a clearly identifiable class of people (e.g. the Englishmen in colonial India).

• Need for the civilizational change rather than capture of state power.

• Image of state as secular, developmentalist and hegemonic rather than representative of class interests, and need to fight against hegemonic tendencies manifested in different forms.

• Non-hierarchical or loosely structured organization of change (civil society groups) rather than rigid structure (political party).

• Actors getting defined on ascriptive basis rather than class basis.

• Involvement of a problem sensitive medium for interaction rather than class struggle.

• Greater importance accorded to basic concepts of identity, historicity, hegemony, resources, development, marginalization, mobilization, etc. rather than mode of production, relations of production, capitalism, exploitation, class structure, classless society, ideology, etc.

• Voluntaristic conceptualization of movement rather than communitarian conceptualization.