Thus you have good news as well bad news. The good news is about the coming back of the individual agent on the centre stage. Normally, this should help him to look for ways to make life happier and more meaningful. The bad news is that he cannot think and act alone. He cannot isolate him from the mobilities, networks and communication. He appears to have been lost in the new society of risks which are not understood without the involvement of experts, politics, law and media. He is forced to look for new alliances and solutions. Academics and psychological expertise have no clear answer to the question what man wants. What will make him happy? What kind of social system and social structure will make him happy? He is critically aware of the alternatives and, therefore, not so dedicated to critical thinking. Yet, he cannot abandon his critical abilities.
Scott Lash and John Urry (2002) in their thesis on disorganized capitalism say that although the domination of the capitalist class has continued, the nature of the capitalist system has undergone a drastic change in the recent times. Some of their major conclusions are:
The growth of world market, and increase in the size of operation of economic enterprises, has led to deconcentration of capital and decline of national control on capital. Manufacturing is shifting from the developed countries to the less developed and the occupational composition of labor force is changing. In both the developed and the developing countries the new system is marked more by the growth of service sector rather than manufacturing.
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The two class model of Karl Marx that divides the whole capitalist system into two parts – bourgeoisie and workers – is no more valid. The stratification system in the new economy is based on credentials – in the form of educational achievements. One consequence of this is that the class conflict is increasingly getting replaced by identity politics manifesting in the form of environmental and anti-nuclear movements and movements of students and women.
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With the spread of capitalism in the Third World countries “salience and class character of the political parties” too has declined. The national parties in these countries do not represent the class interests; they try to appeal to all people. Importance of regional industries and industrial cities has declined, plant size has decreased, and work has become more flexible.
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The above economic trends are closely associated with cultural fragmentation and pluralism.
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