Before independence |
Factors behind general support for population control among the elite
- Lack of awareness among common people
- Arguments in favour of population policy among the political and intellectual elites
- Isolated efforts to establish clinics and inform people
- Strong support for population control by Gandhi and Nehru despite difference in understanding of population dynamics and approaches to means of birth control
|
1952
|
Family planning starts with Gandhian approach
- State sponsored family planning programme started
- Gandhian approach with abstinence and rhythm as the main methods
|
1950-60 |
Clinical approach
- Economic models suggesting a negative relationship between population growth and development
- Estimation of demographic rates and ratios
- Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) studies
- Research in reproduction
- Clinical approach
|
1960-70 |
Extension approach and experimentations
- Extension programme
- IUCD programme
- Target orientation (Third Five Year Plan)
- Organizational changes
|
1970-80 |
Camp approach
- The concept of sustainable development
- Mass vasectomy camps
- National level studies in family planning
- First population policy statement announced
- Policy under Janata Govt. asserting voluntarism
|
1980-90 |
Cafeteria approach
- Cafeteria approach and emphasis on limitation of family size rather than on contraception
- Planning in terms of NRR (with the goal of achieving NRR of unity by 1996)
|
1990-2000 |
Target free approach
- Collection of detailed national and regional level data on population, development and well-being
- Abolition of targets
- Shift from national to area specific approach
|
2000- |
National Population Policy 2000 and National Rural Health Mission 2005-2012
- National Population Policy
- Unmet needs concept
- A rights based approach
- HIV/AIDS
- Participatory approach
|
